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Teams / Mid-American / Sacramento State
Index · this season
50
first season rated▼ Down 8 this season
Career—since 1936
Peak—
Last 5—seasons
#128 nationally · 1-5 (0-3 conf)
Résumé #135
Schedule so far #126
Margin ±5 pts (tightens with games)
Why 50? →

Sacramento State Hornets

Mid-American · Sacramento, CA · Hornet Stadium · Head coach Alonzo Carter
program traits are earned from history
No recognized national titles since 1936. Counted: AP poll champion, a coaches-poll champion, or the BCS / playoff title-game winner; a split year counts for both.0national titles
Heisman Trophy winners0Heisman
Seasons finishing in the AP top 10 since 19360AP top-10
Consensus All-Americans since 19360All-Americans
NFL draft picks since 19670NFL picks
Winning percentage since 193620.0%win pct
History since 1936 · football since 2026. Every season →
Chemistry
Chem 0: new staff, still building0
Chem 7: collapse
7Foundation
Chem 32: warning zone
32Gel
gel counts 45% so far
first season rated
early · #138 of 138
HC year1
Ret. starters—
QB yrs w/ OC1
View chemistry →
Team chemistryearly · #138 of 138 FBS teams
Chem 7: collapseFoundation7+Chem 32: warning zoneGel32=Chem 0: collapseChem0Gel counts 45% so far (it grows as games are played, up to half)Red flag: Playing above its parts 2, Fan & media mood 0 · pulls Chem from 18 to 0; crisis readings aren't averaged away
Foundationwhat the program has built · moves over seasons
Foundation7Staff stability — Coach and coordinator tenure, staff who came along, assistant turnoverStaff stability10Roster continuity — Returning starters and the lineup's experienceRoster continuity2Unit cohesion — QB & coordinator, QB & receivers, offensive line, defense: how long each unit has played togetherUnit cohesion39Administration — Athletic director continuity and coach-AD alignmentAdministration72Investment — Commitment to football: its share of the department's spending and whether that is growing, plus spending and recruitingInvestment41Fan base — How passionate and loyal the fan base is: how often it sells out, and whether it sells out games that don't matterFan basesoon
ContinuityClimate
Continuity · who has played and coached togetherlive

Who has played and coached together, and for how long, ranked against every FBS team at the same point of the season.

▸Staff stability
Coach and coordinator tenure, staff who came along, assistant turnover
10
Staff cohesion6
HC year 1 · OC year 1 · DC year 1
Assistant turnover14
100% of on-field staff new this season (FBS average about 45%)
▸Roster continuity
Returning starters and the lineup's experience
2
Returning core—
Experience2
4 career starts per starter · FBS median 12
▸Unit cohesion
QB & coordinator, QB & receivers, offensive line, defense: how long each unit has played together
39
QB & coordinator55
1st season together · same as 76% of FBS teams
QB & receivers56
3.5 games started together on average · FBS median 3.9
Line cohesion27
3.0 games per linemen pair · FBS median 5.2
Defensive cohesion2
2.3 games per defensive pair · FBS median 4.5
Climate · around the programlive

The administration, money and fans around the team: athletic director continuity, willingness to invest, and crowds.

▸Administration
Athletic director continuity and coach-AD alignment
72
AD continuity72
Mark Orr · year 8 (Wikipedia, CC BY-SA)
▸Investment
Commitment to football: its share of the department's spending and whether that is growing, plus spending and recruiting
41
Football's share21
22% of department spending goes to football
Investment trend86
+78% over three years
Football investment19
$10.1M on football (2024-25 federal report)
Recruiting spend6
$0.15M men's recruiting
Department resources47
$46M athletic department revenue
▸Fan base
How passionate and loyal the fan base is: how often it sells out, and whether it sells out games that don't matter
soon
Coming: measured from press conferences and interviews.

Finances: U.S. Department of Education athletics disclosures, as reported by each school. Athletic directors: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA). Attendance: reported crowds vs stadium capacity.

Gelhow it is working right now · moves week to week
Gel32Playing above its parts — Results vs what its preseason projection expected, game by gamePlaying above its parts2Settled & sharp — A settled starting lineup and clean execution (penalties, turnovers) vs its own normalSettled & sharp66Alignment — Coaches and players telling the same story; the staff on one pageAlignmentsoonResilience — Confidence, and how the team sounds after adversityResiliencesoonFan & media mood — Expectations met or missed this season (preseason rank vs now), stronger for fan bases that react hard; fan and media sentiment joins laterFan & media mood0Coach security — The hard-facts hot seat, inverted: results vs expectation, recent seasons vs the program's norm, stakes, a new ADCoach security25
InternalOn-field fitExternal
Internal · how the program talkscoming

How the team talks in press conferences and interviews, each program against its own normal, so a naturally terse coach isn't read as upset. Being built program by program, Big Ten first.

▸Alignment
Coaches and players telling the same story; the staff on one page
soon
Coming: measured from press conferences and interviews.
▸Resilience
Confidence, and how the team sounds after adversity
soon
Coming: measured from press conferences and interviews.

Readings are team-level; we don't publish psychological readings of individual players.

On-field fit · how it is playing togetherlive

How the team is playing together this season: beating or missing its preseason expectation, a settled lineup, clean execution.

▸Playing above its parts
Results vs what its preseason projection expected, game by game
2
This season2
-21 points a game vs its preseason projection (5 games)
▸Settled & sharp
A settled starting lineup and clean execution (penalties, turnovers) vs its own normal
66
This season66
79% of starters kept game to game
External · pressure from outsidelive

Pressure from outside the building: the hard-facts hot seat now; this season's fan and media mood as it is measured.

▸Fan & media mood
Expectations met or missed this season (preseason rank vs now), stronger for fan bases that react hard; fan and media sentiment joins later
0
This season0
outside the AP poll: projected #82 preseason -> #128 in our Index now · results 1-5 (-14, recent games count more) · projected for a bowl (7.2 wins preseason), now projects 3.1 (-10)
▸Coach security
The hard-facts hot seat, inverted: results vs expectation, recent seasons vs the program's norm, stakes, a new AD
25
This season25
Alonzo Carter, year 1 · 17% wins so far · -21.0 pts a game vs preseason expectation

Dashed gold ring = typical (62). 20-50 is the warning zone; under 10 is a collapse. Spokes with no data yet are dashed and left out until they fill in. Chem blends the two halves, then places the blend among this season's teams.

Trend · Foundationeach program year runs Feb 1 to the title game
'262026 wk 1 vs Mississippi Valley State: 9 · W2026 wk 2 vs Fresno State: 0 · L2026 wk 3 vs North Dakota State: 9 · L2026 wk 4 vs Massachusetts: 8 · L2026 wk 6 vs Bowling Green: 8 · L2026 wk 7 vs Ohio: 7 · next gametypical 62

Every game since 2016, one continuous line; thin rules separate seasons and the chip is where each season finished. Navy dot = win, red = loss. Big drops usually mean a new staff, a new quarterback or a rebuilt line.

Trend · Gelthis season, after each game
typical 62wk 1 vs Mississippi Valley State · W · on-field 59 · fan mood 45541wk 2 vs Fresno State · L · on-field 58 · fan mood 17432wk 3 vs North Dakota State · L · on-field 62 · fan mood 4403wk 4 vs Massachusetts · L · on-field 56 · fan mood 0354wk 6 vs Bowling Green · L · on-field 53 · fan mood 0336

How the team is working right now, rebuilt after each game from only the games so far: on-field fit (results vs preseason expectation, lineup settling, execution) and that week's fan & media mood. Coach security is part of today's Gel number but isn't rebuilt week by week yet. Navy frame = win, red = loss.

Continuity facts
Head coach
Year 1
new this season
Offensive coordinator
Year 1
new this season
Defensive coordinator
Year 1
new this season
HC & OC together
1 seasons
working together
QB with his OC
1 seasons
same play-caller
QB & receivers
3.5 games
started together, average
Offensive line pairs
3.0 games
started together, average
Returning starters
—
from last season
Starter experience
4 starts
career average
Internal facts
Pressers read
soon
this season, coaches and players
Coach tone
soon
vs his own normal
"We" vs "I"
soon
share of team language
Owning mistakes
soon
vs pointing outward
Same story
soon
coaches and players agree
After losses
soon
how fast tone recovers
Leaders named
soon
players teammates point to
Newcomers
soon
transfers talked about as part of it
Openness
soon
forthcoming vs guarded
Measured from press conferences and interviews, program by program.
Climate facts
Athletic director
Mark Orr
year 8
Football spending
$10.1M
2024-25 federal report
Spending trend
+78%
over three years
Department revenue
$46M
all sports
Recruiting spend
$0.15M
men's teams
Home crowds
—
of capacity
Staff turnover
100%
on-field staff new this season
Fan mood
soon
fans and local media
Coach & AD
soon
on the same page
Finances: U.S. Department of Education athletics disclosures. Athletic directors: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA).
Offense · games started togetherlatest lineup · 11 starters
Sharman
Ene
Coleman
Smith
Brown
Koontz
Key
Soifua
Moore
Stallworth
Lathan
QBJackson Sharman51553154252
RBIsaiah Ene11111111111
WRMatt Coleman51664165262
WROnterrio Smith Jr.516104165272
WRRaiden Brown31444144242
TEKyle Koontz11111111111
OLShontrail Key51664165262
OLVae Soifua41554155252
OLJaxon Moore21222122222
OLJeremiah Stallworth51674165282
OLShaan Lathan21222122222

Each square: games the two players have started together at this school (darker = more). Gray diagonal: the player's own starts here.

Defense · games started togetherlatest lineup · 11 starters
Williams
Bailey
Chambers
Kindle
Rocha
Davis
Puloka
Silvera
Thornton
Mullican
Reese
DLXavier Williams1322110383371
DLMiles Bailey23212122221
DLAustin Chambers22513145551
DLMalachi Kindle11111111111
LBAlex Rocha1023111174481
LBDiego Davis31111431111
LBFata Puloka8241731655111
DBBoogsie Silvera32514156661
DBDionte Thornton32514156661
DBElias Mullican7251811166201
DBCaleb Reese11111111111

Each square: games the two players have started together at this school (darker = more). Gray diagonal: the player's own starts here.

Chemistry is Scorebook's own rating of how well a program fits together, on the same all-time 0-99 scale as our other ratings (compared with every FBS team since 2016; 62 is typical, 20-50 signals something is wrong, and single digits are reserved for true collapses; each season is compared with its own era). This early version blends continuity (who has played and coached together, and for how long; it counts most) with the climate around the program; how the program talks joins as it is measured. Within continuity, quarterback-centered pairings count most because they held up when we tested them against results. How our ratings work →